Evidence Library · Drivers & Capacity

After one restricted night, sustained attention worsened while several complex cognitive functions did not

Peer-reviewed researchPeer reviewed

External evidence synthesis · Supporting · 2024

After one restricted night, sustained attention worsened while several complex cognitive functions did not

Across 44 studies of healthy adults allowed only two to six hours for sleep for one night, participants became substantially sleepier and performed worse on sustained-attention tasks. The meta-analysis found no statistically significant deterioration in working memory, inhibitory control, or cognitive throughput.

Research basis

Systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthy adults in 44 experimental studies of a single night of partial sleep restriction.

What it supports

A near-term effect of one restricted night on sleepiness and sustained attention.

Boundary

The result concerns one experimentally restricted night. It does not establish persistent capacity loss, workplace-performance effects, or that complex cognition is unaffected by repeated sleep restriction.

BOL relevance

Demonstrates why acute state, measured endpoint, and longer-term capacity must remain distinct.

Source class

Peer-reviewed research

Role in BOL

Supporting

Population context

General adult population

Evidence basis

Conceptual or synthesized

Comparator

Restricted sleep versus the study control condition

Endpoint

Subjective sleepiness, sustained attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive throughput

Important null or boundary finding

Working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive throughput did not deteriorate significantly.

sleep restrictionattentioncognition

Source record checked 26 July 2026.

This entry is part of the Bio-Optimized Leadership™ Evidence Library. Each claim states its research basis, what the source supports, what it does not support, and how it relates to the BOL model.